Unit+8-+Protein+Synthesis

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 * Big Idea 2 **
 * BIG IDEA 2: Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, reproduce, and to maintain dynamic homeostasis. **
 * Unit 8 (Target I) Compare and contrast structures/functions of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. **
 * Unit 8 (Target II) Understand the significance of the 3 base pair genetic code (including the redundancy) and be able to use it to determine the amino acid sequence of a protein. **
 * (The diagram on page 330) **
 * Unit 8 (Target III) Outline the steps and procedures in transcription. Include discussion of RNA polymerase, promoter region, TATA box, 3’, 5’, terminator region, and transcription factors. **
 * Unit 8 (Target IV) Identify methods of RNA modification: processing and editing. Relate to these terms: 5’ cap, poly A tail, RNA splicing, spliceosome, introns, exons, alternative RNA splicing. **
 * Unit 8 (Target V) Describe the steps and procedures in translation: initiation, elongation and termination. Include the following terms in your explanation: tRNA, rRNA, codon, anticodon, start codon, stop codon, wobble, ribosome (large and small subunits), aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, E site, P Site, A site, mRNA, 5’, 3’, amino acids (20 total) **
 * Unit 8 (Target VI) Describe ways that proteins can be altered following translation. **
 * Unit 8 (Target VII) Relate the following terms: point mutation, insertion, deletion, frameshift, nonsense, missense, mutagen, chromosomal mutation. **